Member Article

Unconscious gender bias in finance sector

Unconscious gender bias plays big part in finance sector salary and opportunity gaps

The experiences of men and women working in finance vary drastically in terms of pay, progression and prejudice, according to new research released by AAT (Association of Accounting Technicians). Findings include that men are twice as bullish as women about salary expectations and are more likely to push for – and get – pay rises. In addition, while almost two thirds of men (60%) think men and women are treated equally when it comes to progression opportunities and remuneration, this is the experience of less than half of women (43%).

AAT investigated the experiences of a cohort of 2,000 finance employees after its own biennial survey of its accountancy and finance membership suggested the gender pay gap may be opening up rather than closing. In its most recent survey men working full time were earning 18% more than women, an increase on previous years, with the gap widening to 23% at senior membership levels.

Amongst the research findings are differences in men and women’s experiences of discrimination. 60% of women in senior management positions say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender, almost 20% more than men in the same position (42%), and almost three times as many women in middle management (37%) say they have experienced discrimination because of their gender than men in the same position (14%). This problem spans all levels except junior management level* and is most pronounced at middle and senior management levels.

The research also shows how starting a family disproportionately detrimentally effects women. Key findings included that: almost half of mothers (48%) think that having children is a top barrier to progression in the workplace, compared to just 30% of fathers; and almost a third of mothers (32%) say that men and women aren’t given the same career opportunities because child caring responsibilities fall mostly to women, nearly double the proportion of fathers (17%).

Professor Sir Cary L Cooper CBE, 50th Anniversary Professor of Organizational Psychology and Health at Manchester Business School said: “This new survey that explores the contributing factors behind the large gender pay gap and barriers to progression for women in finance is very worrying, in a sector that is vital to UK Plc. If we don’t confront this unconscious gender bias and barriers to opportunity for women in finance, we will lose large numbers of women from the sector which puts at risk our international reputation as a leading banking and finance centre.”

Olivia Hill, Chief HR Officer at AAT, said of the new research: “The Government-backed review into Women in Finance has acknowledged that the sector is lagging behind when it comes to gender equality. But to date there’s not been enough clarity about what’s holding change back and what needs to happen now. Our new research suggests men and women experience the working world in finance very differently, with men much less aware of issues relating to gender inequality simply because they aren’t exposed to them. Because there are more men than women at the senior levels in the sector’s companies**, where things like salaries and progression routes are decided, the same old systems are being stuck to, reinforcing historical inequalities.

“To help champion positive progress, AAT is launching a white paper which explores the reasons behind inequality issues in the finance sector and gives organisations of all sizes the expert advice and support they need to redress the balance. All great industries need a diverse and motivated workforce to ensure they grow from strength to strength. The UK finance sector shouldn’t be any different.”

AAT’s research and guidance for finance sector businesses and finance teams in other sectors is released today in its Making the finance sector add up for women white paper at www.aat.org.uk/news. Other key findings covered include:

Salary assertiveness

Men are more likely to push for a pay rise than women, and more likely to get one. 26% of men had asked for a pay rise in the last year compared to 18% of women and 47% of men had received a pay rise in that time period compared to 40% of women Men have bolder salary expectations – twice as many men as women want to earn £10,000 or more on top of their current salary (28% vs 14%), while three times as many think they should earn more than double their current salary (6% vs 2%) Women’s pay desires are modest in comparison, 44% want just £1-3,000 more than they are currently earning, compared to 29% of men

Progression problems

39% of 18-24 year-old women say men and women aren’t given the same career progression opportunities, twice as many as 18-24 year-old men (18%) Over a quarter of mothers (26%) say they have become stuck in a role they had outgrown because of family commitments in comparison to less than a fifth of fathers (18%) The top three reasons people thought men were being offered better progression opportunities were: the persistent ‘old boys club’ mentality (cited by 42%), male-domination of the sector at senior levels (35%), and childcare responsibilities falling mostly to women (28%) Equal numbers of men and women pushed for a promotion in the last year (23% of men and 22% of women), but men were more likely to have received one (59% vs 48%)

Equal pay perceptions

61% of men believe men and women in their organisation doing the same jobs are paid equally, but less than half of their female counterparts agree (47%) The top three reasons people identified for unequal pay were: the fact that men have historically always been paid more (58%); that the people deciding on salaries are more likely to be men than women (32%); and the persistent ‘old boys club’ mentality (28%)

Olivia Hill continues: “It appears gender bias – albeit unconscious – still plays a part in the sector. This isn’t anyone’s fault, but wholesale culture change is needed to turn things around. Existing research shows more women at senior management and board levels boosts company earnings and more balanced boards lead to more responsible, ethical decision making. With so much pressure on the finance sector to operate more transparently, avoid a future financial crisis and help lead the UK into prosperity, the business benefits of addressing these barriers to equality are clear.”

Research carried out by Atomik in December 2015 with 2,001 adult men and women working in finance roles or the financial services sector in the UK. 1,001 were men and 1,000 women.

*38% women vs 23% men for Owner/Director; 60% women vs 42% men for Senior Management; 37% women vs 14% men for Middle Management).

** in the current research there were almost twice as many men as women in senior management, owner, director and c-suite positions (238 men vs 123 women). A recent ILM report – Women in banking – states that women make up 34% of managers in the financial sector and 11% of corporate managers/senior executives in banking are women.

About AAT

AAT (Association of Accounting Technicians) is the UK’s leading qualification and professional body for vocational accountants, with over 130,000 members around the world. We offer a range of qualifications that are open to all regardless of previous qualifications or age, such as the AAT Accounting qualification which provides a non-degree route into chartered accountancy. Students encompass a wide range from school and college leavers undertaking apprenticeships, to older people hoping to change their career or learn the skills to run their own business.

An AAT Accountant is a qualified accounting professional with the practical and technical skills needed to support businesses with their accounting activities. Typical job roles of an AAT Accountant include: Financial Accountant, Commercial Analyst, Senior Finance Officer, Payroll Manager, VAT Accountant and Tax Supervisor. An AAT Accountant can sign off the accounts for companies up to the audit threshold, where a company does not have a turnover more than £6.5 million and its balance sheet total is not more than £3.26 million. The majority of businesses within the UK do not meet this threshold so currently over half a million businesses trust AAT Accountants to service their accounting requirements.

AAT awards around 90% of all vocational qualifications in accounting in the UK, and is sponsored by the professional accounting bodies CIPFA, ICAEW, CIMA, and ICAS.

This was posted in Bdaily's Members' News section by Olivia Hill, Chief HR Officer at Association of Accounting Technicians .